OR, coordinator of the project, is a public utility company providing electricity, geothermal water for heating, and cold water for consumption and firefighting. OR has been at the frontier of the geothermal development in Iceland for heat and power since 1928. OR leads a diverse and expert international consortium from throughout Europe.

Expertise: Geothermal energy production (electricity and direct use). Gas capture and injection, reservoir modelling and management, chemical monitoring and modelling, communication with legislators and local municipalities. Reinjection of geothermal fluids, studies of induced seismicity. Cooperation with research community in innovation and R&D projects.

ISOR is a governmental non-profit service, research and training institute under the Icelandic Ministry for the Environment and Natural Resources. ISOR is one of the world’s leading geothermal research organizations and stands for over 70 years of continuous experience in geothermal research, encompassing all disciplines of geosciences, drilling engineering, utilisation technology and reservoir physics and management.

Expertise: Geological and reservoir modelling, geological and geochemical monitoring, including gas emission monitoring of geothermal areas. Sampling of high pressure wells, chemical analysis and modelling of geochemical data.

CNRS is a government‐funded research organization, under the administrative authority of France’s Ministry of Research. It involves 26,000 permanent employees (researchers, engineers, and administrative staff) and 6,000 temporary workers, making it the largest fundamental science agency in Europe. In total the CNRS’s annual budget represents one quarter of French public spending on research.

Expertise: Research centre. One of the world leading institutes in characterizing directly the thermodynamics and kinetics of mineral‐fluid interaction.

GEORG is an international research-driven cluster cooperation, formed in 2009. GEORG is a partnership of 23 partners, combining all major players on geothermal research and utilization in Iceland and their key international collaborators. The purpose of the cluster cooperation is to create a platform for universities, scientific institutions, geothermal power companies and engineering consultancies to join forces with the aim to strengthen research and development of innovations in the field of geothermal energy.

Expertise: Project Management and coordination, geothermal research, outreach, communication and dissemination.

The University of Iceland is a progressive educational and scientific institution, renowned in the global scientific community for its research. It is a state university, situated in the heart of Reykjavík, the capital of Iceland. The University of Iceland also holds a leading role in sustainable energy and environmental research.

Expertise: Research group and institute. Geothermal geochemistry, fluid geochemistry, geothermal modelling and experimental, chemical and isotope analysis of solids and fluids.

IFP Energies nouvelles (IFPEN) is a major research and training player in the fields of energy, transport and the environment. From research to industry, technological innovation is central to all its activities, structured around three strategic priorities: sustainable mobility, new energies and responsible oil and gas.

Expertise: Wide expertise built on extensive research for oil&gas exploration and production, and for CO2 capture, transport and storage. The critical expertise for GECO will be: thermodynamics and physico-chemistry (equations of state, equilibria

The University of Florence is an important and influential centre for research and higher training in Italy. It is one of the most active Italian universities in term of projects and related grants within the Technology Research and Development Framework of the European Union.

Expertise: Turbomachinery and power plant optimization. Exergy, Exergo-economic, Life Cycle and exergo-environmental analysis. Thermodynamics (Equations of State, equilibria and kinetics for mixtures) Flow measurements and Computational Fluid Dynamics.

Graziella Green Power S.p.A (GGP) operates in the field of electricity production from renewable sources. The company is born in 2010 to produce clean and sustainable energy.

Expertise: Production of electricity from renewable energy sources (over 30 sites in operation), development of geothermal project featuring total re-injection of fluids without gaseous emissions and the integrated use of heat in the civil, agricultural and industrial sectors. In house expertise for geological modelling, reservoir simulation, process and civil engineering, well testing, environmental monitoring, cooperation with University and Research Institution, relationship with regulatory institutions and local stakeholders.

A 100% affiliate of ENGIE SA energy group, Storengy is located in Bois-Colombes (France). Storengy aggregates all the Underground Gas Storage (UGS) activities of the ENGIE group since 1956 and is now the first UGS operator in Europe with 14 sites in France and 8 sites in Germany and UK.

Expertise: Underground gas storage, geothermal resources development and exploitation, drilling, geological modelling, reservoir modelling and management, surface facilities management, inspection and maintenance, chemical monitoring and modelling, permitting, HSE, cooperation with research community in innovation and R&D projects, communication with regulatory institutions and local stakeholders.

CIRCE is a research centre founded in 1993 with the support of the University of Zaragoza, to create and develop innovative solutions and scientific/technical knowledge and transfer them to the business sector in the field of energy. CIRCE’s mission is to drive forward improvements in energy efficiency and to spread the use of renewable energy by means of the development of R+D+i (Research, Development and Innovation) activities and formative actions that respond to the needs of national and international producers, thereby contributing to sustainable development.

Expertise: CIRCE will take a core role in the development and demonstration of a gas purification system based on an amine/low temperature hybrid concept, able to separate and purify valuable gases, such as CO2. Moreover, CIRCE will coordinate the validation activities within the project, carrying out the LCA and environmental impact analyses.

Green Minerals is an SME founded from academic roots, forms products out of mineralized CO2. Green Minerals was founded in 2011 by Pol Knops, a physicist who has been doing research of CO2 storage by mineralization for 8 years. The goal was initially to capture CO2. The project became more interesting when Pol discovered that particular products with a functional application could be made.

Expertise: CO2 as a feedstock for mineralization with a strong focus towards the beneficial re-use of the formed products.

Zorlu Enerji is an energy company that aims to operate on different fields of energy sector providing a global scale integrated service. Zorlu Energy Group was founded with the establishment of Zorlu Enerji Elektrik Üretim Inc. (ZOREN) in 1993. Zorlu Enerji serves a broad customer portfolio including co-generation and combined cycle power plants along with hydroelectricity, wind and geothermal plants on nine different countries.

Expertise: Geothermal Energy production. R&D within the geothermal sector, open laboratory and study location for the academia and geothermal business companies.

UKRI is a new body which works in partnership with universities, research organisations, businesses, charities, and government to create the best possible environment for research and innovation to flourish. Operating across the whole of the UK with a combined budget of more than £7 billion, UKRI brings together the seven Research Councils, Innovate UK and Research England.

Expertise: World-leading research and technology development, space test facilities, instrument and mission design, and studies of science and technology requirements for new missions. Much of the Department’s work is in collaboration with university research groups and a range of institutes around the world.

Middle East Technical University is founded under the name of “Orta Doğu Yüksek Teknoloji Enstitüsü” (Middle East High Technology Institute) on November 15^th, 1956 to contribute to the development of Turkey and Middle East countries, and the creation of a skilled workforce in the fields of natural and social sciences. METU’s mission is to attain excellence in research, education and public service for society, humanity and nature by nurturing creative and critical thinking, innovation and leadership within a framework of universal values.

Expertise: Leading international research university in Turkey. It has strong ties within the geothermal sector in Turkey and

The National Research Council (CNR) is the largest public research institution in Italy, the only one under the Research Ministry performing multidisciplinary activities. Founded as legal person on 18 November 1923, one of CNR’s missions is promote innovation and competitiveness of the national industrial system and provide technologies and solutions to emerging public and private needs.

Expertise: CNR is the leading research institution for geothermal research in Italy, with its continuously running activity in the field of geological, geophysical and geochemical exploration of geothermal systems in Italy and abroad, the assessment the geothermal potential, and analysis of operational, environmental and social aspects of geothermal development.

The Fraunhofer Institute for Energy Infrastructures and Geothermal Energy IEG conducts research at six locations in the fields of integrated energy infrastructures, geothermal energy and sector coupling for a successful energy transition.

Expertise: Fraunhofer-IEG is active in geothermal technology development for drilling (thermal, mechanical, hydraulic), materials and products for boreholes, power plants, direct uses by using test-facilities from micro-to- macro scale. Fraunhofer-IEG may provide experience in business planning, financing and market positioning of large scale R&D infrastructures for international users.

Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) is an independent research foundation founded in 1948 and located in Norway at Kjeller and in Halden. IFE is in the forefront of several fields within international energy research, safety, environmental-, petroleum- and nuclear technology. IFE develops new technological solutions for the industry and public sector in more than 30 countries.

Expertise: Research group and institute. Long-time knowledge and experience in development and use of tracer technology for monitoring fluid flow. High temperature, high pressure experimental setups for static and dynamic testing of tracers. Advanced analytical equipment suitable for analysing a range of chemical compounds down to ppt level (e.g. high resolution LC-MS, GC-MSMS, uPLC and HPLC coupled to different analytical detectors like UV and fluorescence detectors). Fully equipped nuclear laboratories including instruments for detection of β- and ϒ- emitting sources.

AIMEN is a private non-profit association founded in 1967 on the initiative of a group of Galician entrepreneurs. AIMEN’s mission is to contribute to the improvement of the EU Industrial Competitiveness, through Research, Development and Technological Innovation. The R&D&I led by AIMEN is mainly aimed at developing high-performance materials and new technologies manufacturing, incorporating technological improvements in products and processes, and design and prototypes development.

Expertise: Technological support related to metallurgy, automotive sector, civil construction, mechanics, shipbuilding, chemicals, foundry, machinery, ceramics, food, cement, wood and its derivates, plastics, engineering, assembly and others. AIMEN promotes and undertakes research, as well as improves design, simulation and joining technologies.